star trek - If there are universal translators, why are some words/phrases not translated?

In Star Trek, there are universal translators on the ship to make communications between the different species possible.

But there are countless times when Klingons talk in Klingon and English, when Picard quotes French or Latin, when characters say a few lines here or there in some foreign tongue to show they know the language.

Why doesn't the translator translate these phrases, too, if all other languages are instantly translated?

Answer

From http://en.memory-alpha.org/wiki/Universal_translator (Which got it from TOS 2x02: Metamorphosis)

Responding to Zefram Cochrane's question about the theory of operation, Kirk explained that there are certain universal ideas and concepts common to all intelligent life, and that the translator compared the frequencies of brainwave patterns, selected those ideas it recognized, and provided the necessary grammar. Kirk further explained that the device spoke with a voice, or the approximation of one, that corresponded to the identity concepts it recognized.

Since it's already scanning brainwaves, presumably it can also detect intent (whether you want to be understood or not), and decide whether or not to translate as appropriate.

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