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story identification - Looking for a book with a humanoid alien group called the "Red Bar" (due to a scar across their butts) who fight against human marines in power suits

The story is about a tribal culture on another planet who worship something called "the light". Human marines in power suits conquer them. The story focuses on one group who fought against the invaders called the "red bar" something or other. (jarem I think, but it was so long ago...) They got the name red bar because as kids they were watching adults training for battle, something they were not supposed to do, and the person who caught them whipped them with some sort of weapon that left a scar across their butts. I have searched the internet exhaustively for it but I can't remember the author or the book title. I likely read it in the 80's so it would have been published about 30 years ago. Answer You are thinking of "The Jaren," a novella by Barry B. Longyear . (You had just one letter wrong in your memory of the alien word that was invented by Longyear for the occasion.) I first read it around the mid-1980s . . . in other words, at roughly

marvel - How many named characters died in Avengers: Infinity War?

How many named characters have died and/or disintegrated by the end of Avengers: Infinity War . It is difficult to speculate who died on Xandar and the Asgardian ship. So restrict it to on-screen deaths only. Answer According to this video on YouTube and this article from Time : Killed by "traditional" methods - Gamora - Heimdall - Loki - Vision Disintegrated by Thanos - Bucky Barnes - Drax - Groot - Mantis - Maria Hill - Nick Fury - Peter Parker (Spider-Man) - Peter Quill (Star-Lord) - Sam Wilson (Falcon) - Stephen Strange (Doctor Strange) - T'Challa (Black Panther) - Wanda Maximoff (Scarlet Witch) Not included in the video, but also named characters who died: Thanos's Black Order - Corvus Glaive - Cull Obsidian - Ebony Maw - Proxima Midnight Named in the film, but their fate is unknown at the end of the movie: - Clint Barton (Hawkeye); mentioned by Black Widow but does not appear - Eitri; last seen at the forges of Nidavellir - Johann Schmidt (Red Skull/Stonekeep

the elder scrolls - Do ordinary people benefit from Standing Stones and Birth-signs in Tamriel?

In the various games in the Elder Scrolls series, our hero is granted abilities and sometimes weaknesses based on either what star sign they are born under, or what standing stone they choose. What does the Lore say about ordinary folk? Are they affected in the same way or are only Heroes affected? Note I am not interested in game-mechanics as such, and definitely not mods. Answer Based on the in-game book, " The Firmament ", it is believed that they do since it doesn't mention any special needed properties (emphasis mine): The Warrior is the first Guardian Constellation and he protects his charges during their Seasons. The Warrior's own season is Last Seed when his Strength is needed for the harvest. His Charges are the Lady, the Steed, and the Lord. Those born under the sign of the Warrior are skilled with weapons of all kinds, but prone to short tempers . And according to " Watcher of Stones ", the standing stones only work for heroes of legend: Long h

harry potter - Why do acts of "accidental" magic only seem to happen around Muggles?

There are several times in the books (and movies) where it is either mentioned or depicted that magical people, in moments of stress, are capable of accidentally causing magic to happen. The biggest examples are probably in the first book when Harry makes the glass disappear from the boa's tank at the zoo (it is also mentioned that accidental things have happened before earlier in his childhood), and in the third book when he inflates Aunt Marge. The thing I've noticed, though, is this only ever seems to happen when they're out in the Muggle world, surrounded by non-magic folk. It is fairly obvious Harry faces some extremely stressful situations while at Hogwarts (the books wouldn't be very exciting otherwise!), and yet throughout all of those situations, Harry (or the other characters for that matter) never once make anything accidental happen like what happened with Aunt Marge. Is there a particular reason for this? Note: Canon answers would be greatly appreciated. A

star wars - How Does A Sarlacc Eat?

Ok so I was looking through questions and came across one about how to escape from a Sarlacc. In it the questioner says that it takes 1000 years for them to digest their food, which I knew, but he then went on to say that the victim is alive throughout that time and suffers through it, I knew that too. But the way he stated it he made i t sound like the victim is alive throughout the entire 1000 years and dies at the end. Do Sarlaccs have some sort of chemical in their saliva that extends the life of their victims? Answer There is some information on what happens to those unlucky enough to be eaten by a Sarlacc. This is what http://starwars.wikia.com/wiki/Sarlacc has to say: Sarlaccs would begin their lives as spores and were able to travel great distances. When a male and female encountered one another, the smaller male would parasitically feed off the female, diminishing her size while increasing his own. Once the male reached the female's original size, he would burst, releas

harry potter - Are wands made to the exact same specifications identical?

At the beginning of the first book, when Harry first visits Diagon Alley to buy his school supplies, he tries out a large number of wands in Ollivander's shop. And, while we know that a skilled witch or wizard would be capable of using pretty much any wand, we also know that the wand chooses the wizard. It seems reasonable that when purchasing a (new) wand they would want the wand that is best suited for them, and would always go through a process similar to the one Harry did. During the events of the last book it's mentioned that Ollivander made new wands for at least two people, Wormtail and Luna Lovegood. Since he didn't have the option of making a number of new wands, and having them test them all to find the one best suited for them, how exactly does he know what to make the wand from? Based on the Pottermore quote in the answer to this question , it seems they could make a reasonable guess about what characteristics the wand should have based on the owner. However, i

story identification - SF novel featuring children on a spaceship

I remember reading a story that included a group of children traveling on a spaceship that cared for them. The ship was made of regular and fake matter and could adapt to different situations. The children gave their leader the title of “Pan”. They were sent to fight an alien threat. The ship, although very advanced, could not make the important decisions, and the children were there to decide. Decades have passed since I read that story and would like to read it again, but I don’t recall the name or author. Help would be appreciated. Answer There is a slim chance that this could be Anvil of Stars by Greg Bear. It was published in 1993, not sure if that qualifies as the decades since you read it but its a decent passage of time. More pertinently it features survivors from earth, on an alien spaceship that does indeed care for them and can remodel itself to adapt to situations. The passengers on this ship base their developing culture on Peter Pan and refer to themselves as Wendys and

story identification - Movie where a crewman asks "Are we being tested?"

Can somebody please identify this movie for me? I don't remember anything specific except for: there's a crew questioning whether or not they're being tested by some sort of alien device or artifact. One of the crew members equates themselves as being a bacteria that happens to find its way into a fuel cell and died thinking it fails a test.

star trek - How much energy could the Enterprise-D produce?

Just watched TNG: The Dauphin . In it the following exchange occurs when receiving a powerful transmission: Data Sir, sensors indicate the communication originated from a tera-Watt source on the planet Riker That's more power than our entire ship can generate! This seems silly. There is currently a hydro power station that produces 22.5GW . 50 times that seems very large to us today, but when you consider the biggest nuclear weapons can release 0.5TWh, the numbers don't seem that extreme. Shields! Phasers! 150KW defensive laser systems exist. A 1PW laser accelerator is a thing . Those on the enterprise must —by virtue of needing to go much further and charge much faster— need more power. Transporters! Replicators! The holodeck! Surely the converstion of energy into matter and arranging that at distance, must pull a lot of power. And it's happening all over the ship, all the time. Impulse engines. Even in a vacuum, shifting 4.5 megatonnes must take serious power. To accel

harry potter - What clubs was Hermione involved in?

As there are several clubs like the "Charms Club", etc in Hogwarts, is there a canonical answer for the question: What clubs was Hermione involved in? I was more curious about Hermione, as she was a very keen student and the probability of her, being involved in such club(s) is higher than anyone else in the trio. Please mention clubs other than the Duelling Club "Charms club" (attended by Vicky Frobisher) was mentioned by Angelina, while she was talking/apologizing to Harry in OotP Answer There are only four club-like entities that we have any indication of Hermione attending: The ill-fated Duelling Club, which has to be mentioned Dumbledore's Army, though it's not clear to what extent it can really be considered a "club" The Society for the Protection of Elvish Welfare (SPEW) 1 . As noted in the extended discussion in comments, it's debatable whether this can really be considered a club; it only ever had one active member (Hermione herself)

tolkiens legendarium - Is the fictional etymology of Uruk-Hai a reference to the Uriankhai?

By the early 17th century the term Uriankhai was a general Mongolian term for all the dispersed bands to the north-west, whether Samoyed, Turkic, or Mongolian in origin. I was wondering if there was any link or inspiration for the name Uruk-Hai to the name for the dispersed bands of peoples from Mongolia? The only other allusion is the siege on Helm's Deep to the great wall of China, and though tenuous that and the similarity in the name has my curiosity piqued. Now, there is some etymology for the name Uruk-hai The name "Uruk-hai" has the element Uruk, which is a Black Speech word related to Orc, related to the word "Urko" in Tolkien's invented language of Quenya. The element hai means "folk", so "Uruk-hai" is "Orc-folk". But it's not to say that the idea of Uruk-Hai as being a group of 'barbarians' (orcs) storming a large fortification couldn't hgave been some basis for the use of the word Uruk-hai with meaning

star trek - How many times did Picard violate the prime directive on-screen?

The Prime Directive is Starfleet's general order number one regarding contact with new forms of life - as a rule, captains are not supposed to violate it, yet often they're forced into situations where they do. As a result, when Captain Picard was brought to trial on drummed-up charges, he was accused of violating the prime directive a total of 9 times. SATIE: Would it surprise you to learn that you have violated the Prime Directive a total of nine times since you took command of the Enterprise? I must say, Captain, it surprised the hell out of me. Episode Transcript - 'The Drumhead' I can think of at least two instances where Picard violated the prime directive on-screen. One was in Who Watches the Watchers where he accidentally became a godlike being to a primitive race, and another in First Contact (Not the movie) where it was Riker who was found out, and forced Picard to make contact with the new civilization prematurely. Were there in fact seven other on-screen i

dc - Why does Earth have 4 Green Lanterns?

The following are 4 Green Lanterns active on Earth: Hal Jordan Guy Gardner John Stewart Kyle Rayner I know that some of these characters died, then came back to life. But why would they still be a GL if they were replaced? What sectors do these Green Lanterns protect? If they all protect Earth, I thought that there was only 1 GL per sector. Answer Earth originally had one Lantern: Hal Jordan . Guy Gardner was selected as Hal's backup. When Abin Sur was dying, both Guy and Hal were qualified to be Green Lanterns; Hal go the ring because he was closer. (from Green Lantern v2, #59) When Guy was injured such that he couldn't serve as a backup, John Stewart became the back-up GL. (from Green Lantern v@, #87) Guy recovered and served as the backup when Hal was unavailable on at least one occasion after John became the backup backup. Guy was injured further when his power battery exploded; in fact, he was presumed dead, but had actually been tossed into the Phantom Zone. He was

harry potter - Could another player catch the Snitch?

I know that if the Seeker was to catch the Snitch, that team would gain 150 points and the event would end the match. But what happens if another player playing a different position sees the Snitch and catches it? Would it also end the game? Or would the player have to forfeit the Snitch and would it be re-released for the Seekers? Answer I don't think another player MAY catch the Snitch. In Quidditch Through the Ages , page 29, it says: (FOUL) Snitchnip: All players but Seeker / Any player other than Seeker touching or catching the Golden Snitch I'm correcting my original answer -- Yes, it appears it must be the Seeker to catch the Snitch.

Story about telepathy and a comet set to eat earth

Not certain when I may have read this; 10-20 years ago is the best range I can come up with. Not even certain whether it was a novel or something shorter. The memory of the setting felt kinda post-apocalyptic, because I think it's Earth but just a rural town setting. There's a young woman tending to "Minds", which are some sort of artificial construct or life-form that links up with human minds over a wide area. The Minds provide telepathic and empathic communication to all the humans, and I think it's implied this is why things have stayed peaceful for so long after whatever set the world back. There's also a tone carried by the young woman that this is also why nothing changes much, that people are over-reliant on these Minds. So the Minds detect some sort of catastrophe headed for Earth. It's thought to be some kind of comet or asteroid, but the Minds can sense something on it. Turns out it was some alien probe (maybe set to gather samples or study othe

star wars - Why did Chewbacca's bolt not kill or knock down Kylo Ren?

This question is an expansion on another question here, How Does Kylo Ren not stop Chewbacca's blaster? Every thing else gets knocked back or in the air by several feet, but yet Kylo Ren just gets put to the ground by what looks to be just the pain of the shot. Should it at least have spun him around violently? In the link, the answer states this, Stunned by his own action, Kylo Ren fell to his knees. Following through on the act ought to have made him stronger, a part of him believed. Instead, he found himself weakened. He did not hear the roar of the enraged Wookiee above, but he did feel the sting of the shot from the bowcaster as it slammed into his side , knocking him back on the walkway. - The Force Awakens: Official Novelisation So ,if he was in such a state not to be able to use the force, why did the bolt not do more damage or have more of an impact on him? EDIT: There was a distance question, so I did a quick little scenario. Please tell me if my math is wrong, I just got

story identification - Dead earth , aliens revive human

I read this about 30/40 years ago. I don't remember if it was a short story or book. What I remember of it : Some aliens arrive at earth; they don't find any living humans, just empty cities. They go to one museum and revive an Egyptian mummy. When it's alive, it keeps asking where his servants are. They don't get any information from the mummy so they kill him again. Later on they revive another human, who turns out to be more intelligent than the aliens. I don't remember much of what happened from this point on, except: In the end the human starts to revive other humans. Some one can tell me what story, name of book. Answer This is a classic short shory, "Resurrection" aka "The Monster" by A. E. van Vogt , first published in Astounding Science Fiction , August 1948 , available at the Internet Archive ; previously identified as the answer to this question and this one and maybe this one . There is a review here . Some aliens arrive at earth

dc - How have Superman comics dealt with the Man of Steel, Woman of Kleenex problem?

When I was a teen and Superman II came out, when Superman realized he and Lois were in love, he de-supered himself in the Fortress of Solitude so he could be with Lois. Right after he emerged from the crystal cage that drained his powers, the first thing he does is take Lois' hand and escort her to a conveniently placed bed that we had never seen there before. This implies it was necessary for him to lose his powers so he could have sex with Lois. The problems involved in this situation are well covered in the wonderful essay by Larry Niven, Man of Steel, Woman of Kleenex . But I also know that Superman has been in the comics for decades. A friend of mine once said, "Oh, he tells her who he is a lot, but he always makes her forget it again later." So how have the comic books (since this is Superman's primary medium) handled this? Were there different ways it was handled, or was it always handled the same way? Have they literally kept Superman and Lois from having sex

game of thrones - Is there any tangible proof of Jon Snow's lineage?

Spoilers Alert!!! Bran sees that Jon is the son of Lyanna at Tower of Joy. However, People of the north won't just believe words. Howland Reed was with Eddard at the tower, Eddard is dead, but Howland could be alive. Even if Howland Reed comes forth and tells Jon's true lineage. It will still be just words. Why would the people believe the words of a child and an old man? Answer Howland Reed is alive. He is the last survivor of the Tower of Joy and knows what transpired there. He has kept this a secret due to his loyalty and friendship with Eddard Stark. But as you correctly note, cynical lords won't believe word of one man. Outside North it would be even more complicated because Reed is a Crannogman who are not viewed favorably in the South. Besides, If Jon is a Targaryen and son of Prince of Dragonstone, Rhaegar Targaryen, that's a concern for whole realm, not just the North. By law, (If Lyanna and Rhaegar married, which we do not know they did , see update below.)

60s short story where band gives concert ending with a nuke detonation

I’m looking for a short story from the sixties that had to do with a rock band giving a concert where the climax of the show was a detonation of a nuke. The US government sponsored the concert trying to convince the public to use nukes in Vietnam to end the war. My Dad used to bring home science fiction anthologies home with him from his business trips and this is one of the stories I remember. Answer This is "The Big Flash" by Norman Spinrad. Often anthologized, I encountered it in the 1970 volume of Wollheim and Carr's World's Best Science Fiction . You can read it online here . The band is called The Four Horsemen. Here are the last two pages of the story showing the band's counting down to the explosion.

behind the scenes - Were these Star Wars characters voiced by their original actors?

Who were the Jedi that spoke to Rey? And how many of them were voiced by their original actors? The list of them were in the credits, but scrolled by too quickly. Answer Yes. Obi-Wan Kenonbi: "These are your final steps, Rey. Rise, and take them." Anakin Skywalker: "Rey." Ahsoka Tano: "Rey." Kanan Jarrus: "Rey." Anakin: "Bring back the balance, Rey, as I did." Luminara Unduli: "The light. Find the light, Rey." Qui-Gon Jinn: "Every Jedi who ever lived, lives in you." Anakin: "The Force surrounds you, Rey." Aayla Secura: "Let it guide you." Mace Windu: "Feel the Force flowing through you, Rey." Anakin: "Let it lift you." Adi Galia: "Rise, Rey." Qui-Gon: "We stand behind you, Rey." Obi-Wan: "Rey." Yoda: "Rise in the Force, Rey." Kanan: "In the heart of a Jedi lies their strength." Obi-Wan: "Rise." Qui-G

story identification - SF TV show about a war between humans and aliens?

I remember watching this TV show in the early- or mid-nineties (I think) that was about a war between humans and a mysterious alien race. At least some of the episodes focused on learning new things about the aliens. Specifics that I recall: The aliens were called "chigs" or "chiggers" or something like that. [I'm not really certain on this bit, to be honest, but I do recall there was some kind of slang term the characters used for the aliens that always made me think of some kind of insect.] The show focused on a particular group of human soldiers/pilots (they seemed to do as much space combat as ground combat, as I recall). The show featured a brand new element, although I forget what it was called, and there was even an updated periodic table that included it. Pretty much all of the aliens' technology was based on this element and its unique properties. It was a pretty dark show (both in theme and in actual lighting), and they seemed to go out of their wa

harry potter - What Hogwarts classes are taught to two houses at once?

I remember from my mumble about nine mumble rereads of the Harry Potter series that the following classes Harry took were taught to more than one house in the same lesson: Potions with the Slytherins Herbology with the Hufflepuffs Care of Magical Creatures with the Slytherins broomstick riding with at least the Slytherins (maybe other houses, too?) I don't remember any student from a house that isn't Gryffindor being mentioned in the sections on Transfiguration, Charms, Defense Against Dark Arts, History of Magic, or Divination. That would mean McGonagall had to teach twice as many classes as Snape, if both subjects got the same number of lessons (which I think I recall). Were any subjects other than Potions, Herbology, and Care of Magical Creatures taught to more than one house in the same lesson? And do we know why some subjects are taught to more students at the same time than others?

star wars - Which button activates Skywalker's lightsaber, and why is it inconsistent?

You can tell from this video that Finn is actually pushing that button to activate the lightsaber It seems like there are different on-buttons or something because the toys say the big rectangular one near the middle is the on-button. From this video : Is there more than one on-button? Or is this just a continuity error? Where is the official on-button, and Answer Straightforward answer: Yes , as Pablo Hidalgo of the Lucasfilm Story Group recently said here and here , it's a mistake and that the lightsaber is still supposed to activate with the plate in the middle. Q. Why in the Force Awakens does Finn clearly press the blade adjustment button on Luke's lightsaber to turn it on? Is it Snoke? ‏@pablohidalgo - It's a mistake. Via Twitter and Q. Will Anakin's lightsaber ignition button be corrected in future movies to fit how it was in the ot [Original Trilogy]? ‏@pablohidalgo - If you're asking if the same mistake made in TFA will happen again, I'd say I

harry potter - Are the Gryffindor house dormitories all on the same floor?

While discussing why Fred and George never spot Peter on the Marauders map I realised I've always visualised the Gryffindor dorms as being stacked over several different floors of the tower (one for each year). I can't recall if this is actually mentioned in the books, or if I'm entirely mistaken and it's just different rooms on the same floor. Which is it? Answers from the books, please!

star trek - Can non-Federation members join Starfleet?

I assumed a world (or group of worlds) had to be members of the Federation in order for their populace to join Starfleet; other than officer exchanges with allies of the Federation, of course. The it struck me that Nog is a Ferengi, yet he joined Starfleet. I am pretty sure that the Ferengi Alliance isn't officially an ally of the Federation, let alone a member (they seem to enjoy the status of neutral parties, for maximal business opportunities). Is this correct and if so is this an exception to the rule or can people from any planet join Starfleet? Answer The requirements (at least as of the mid 24th Century) are laid out in the Deep Space 9 episode "Heart of Stone" , the episode in which Nog actually does ask to join Starfleet: NOG: That's right. I want to be the first Ferengi in Starfleet. Now, who do I see about getting a uniform? SISKO: Nog, if you want to become a Starfleet Officer, you have to attend the Academy. NOG: All right. Where do I sign up? SISKO: It

episode identification - Deleted scene with Rose and 10th Doctor shortly after regeneration?

2005 was a long time ago (I was 8) but there's a scene in my memory that I can't find on Netflix. I remember a scene, immediately after the Doctor regenerates into his 10th form (excluding War Doctor), in which Rose basically asks stuff like "what have you done with the Doctor?". However, this scene appears to neither appear in "The Parting of the Ways" nor "The Christmas Invasion" on Netflix. Is this scene real or did I just completely imagine the whole thing? Answer This scene formed a Children in Need special slotting just in between the events of The Parting of the Ways and The Christmas Invasion . It's available in full on Youtube: [embedded content] For me the most interesting part of this is to see the Tenth Doctor wearing the leather jacket of the Ninth - it's so weird not to see him in his own favoured trench coat!

biology - Do characters in Star Wars address how odd it is the universe is filled with humanoids?

In Star Wars, basically everyone is a human with facial make-up; is there an attempt at an in-universe explanation of this within this franchise? Note:formerly this question was for Star Trek and Star Wars, which was too broad. This is now for Star Wars. Link to old question: Do characters in Star Trek address how odd it is the universe is filled with humanoids?

game of thrones - Assume R+L=J is true. How can that ever be proven in the eyes of Westeros?

So let's assume that the relatively ambiguous Tower of Joy scene in season 6 confirms that Jon is indeed Lyanna Stark's child, sired by Rhaegar Targaryan. In that case, considering the current situation in Westeros as of season 7 (or as of book 5 + released chapters of book 6), how does this get proven in the eyes of the lords, ladies, and commoners of Westeros? It feels like an impossible claim to prove given that Eddard Stark is dead, Howland Reed seems to have vanished off the face of Planetos, and anyone else who was alive at the time with that knowledge appears to be dead and gone. EVEN IF Howland Reed manages to crawl out of the woodwork to corroborate Bran/3-eyed Raven's claim (assuming he even makes that claim) about Jon's true heritage, we're still just talking about the word of two relatively unknown (outside of the North) Westerosi noblemen. The only way I can see of "proving" anything is if Jon ends up riding a dragon. But even then, would that

story identification - Sci Fi book 90s or earlier - Societies on Earth living in domes

I read this series of books in the 90s. One book focused on a dome that held a technological society that would put information in their heads using microchips. They were bald and unfit as information was the main part of this society. The society was also hierarchical and they had servants. There was some resistance and underground rebellion that the main character, a boy, ended up joining. The other book I read featured a dome where the societies had psychic abilities except the main protagonist,a girl who seemed not to have psychic abilities. They put her in a black room with no 'noise' and seems to 'hear' something from far away. She and some others set off to find this signal that turns out to be coming from the technological dome.

the lord of the rings - Why didn't the king of Gondor return earlier?

Something in the accepted answer of Who knew of Aragorn's true lineage prior to his revealing? which I asked struck me as odd. According to the accepted answer, Elrond in the books introduced Aragorn to Boromir as such: 'And who are you, and what have you to do with Minas Tirith?' asked Boromir, looking in wonder at the lean face of the Ranger and his weather-stained cloak. 'He is Aragorn son of Arathorn,' said Elrond; 'and he is descended through many fathers from Isildur Elendil's son of Minas Ithil. And so the lost line of kings is probably revealed officially to one who is groomed to be the future Steward of Gondor (ignoring the likelihood that Denethor already figured it out but kept it to himself). The movies, however, phrased it differently: Legolas: This is no mere ranger. He is Aragorn, son of Arathorn. You owe him your allegiance. Boromir: Aragorn? This is Isildur's heir? There appears to be an important difference here. Boromir, who is being

doctor who - How are the Daleks able to continually survive genocide?

In many episodes of Doctor Who, since the appearance of the 9th Doctor, the Daleks were defeated many times and mostly in the form of genocide. However, they are able to breed and survive. As far as I can recall, since the 9th Doctor (I personally haven't watched any episodes before that), the times the Daleks were wiped out were: In The Parting of the Ways , Rose wiped out their whole race with her time vortex power. Still, in later episodes the Daleks appeared. In Doomsday , the Daleks were sent to the void. As I recall, the later Cult Of Skaro revealed that they survived using emergency time shift, am I right? In Daleks in Manhattan and Evolution of the Daleks , only Dalek Caan survived after this episode using an emergency time shift again. He was revealed to have visited the Time War period inside the time-lock. Oh this is so cheating. In Journey's End , Donna Noble activated some mechanism inside Daleks and their ships and made them explode. It is believed that the explo